User's help of CLAROS


A. PARTS OF THE DATA BASE CONSULTATION SCREEN


The main window of the data base consists of three panels: the Search Panel (where you enter your search), the Results Panel (where you can look at the results) and the Auxiliary Panel (for several auxiliary functions).

1. The Search Panel, in the top frame, contains the following fields and buttons of the Consultation Form:

Edition 1 Editions of inscriptions later republished.
Edition 2 Editions of previously published inscriptions.
Year 1 Year of the Edition 1.
Year 2 Year of the Edition 2.
Both Editions Allows to search simultaneously in the fields Edition 1 and Edition 2.
Opens a Help Index with links to the general Help in the lower frame.
Opens the List of  abbreviations in another browser window.
Selects the number of records displayed at a time.


2. The Results Panel, in the central frame, contains the following buttons:

By default, the results of the search appear ordered by the field Edition 1. This button allows to sort the found records with the help of the Sort Form that appears in the auxiliary Window (low frame).
   
 Move to the previous or posterior set of 20/60 found records.
   
 Move to the first or last set of 20/60 found records.
Puts the Full Bibliographical Information of both selected editions in the Auxiliary Window.


3. The Auxiliary Panel, in the lower frame, may contain three different kinds of information:

Sort Form Allows to further sort the results of the search by the criteria cointained in two fields. This Form is activated by the button Sort Results button on the Results Window.
Help Index Contains links to the relevant section of this Help: search functioning, use of operators, use of the field Both Editions as well as recommendations about accents, capital or lower case letters, punctuation marks, etc. It is activated with the Help button in the Search Window.
Full Biblio Info Displays the full bibliographical data of the publications. It can be activated from the book-shaped icon at the top right of the Results Window.




B. HOW TO DO A SEARCH

I. Simple searches using one or several fields

By default, when you search for a string of characters in a given field the search will return all the records containing a word that starts with this string in that field.

We search for Mélanges in the Field Edition 1. Example of the results:

1873 Froehner, Mélanges 16
= 
1955 GVI 375
1991 Mélanges Bernand 55-59
= 
1997 Strubbe, ARAI 401


We search for AJ in the Field Edition 1 and IG in the field Edition 2. Example of the results:

1947 AJA N.S. 51, 1947, 358
= 
1958 Gabba, IGLBibbia 35
1885 AJPh N.S. 6, 1885, 190-191
= 
1986 IGLS 21(2).18


We search ZPE in the Field Edition 1, 1975 in the field Year 1 and IG in the field Edition 2. Example of the results:

1975 ZPE 16, 1975, 150 = 1999 IG 10(2).2.265
1975 ZPE 16, 1975, 79-80 = 1996 IGDOlbia 38


We add to the previous search 1999 in the field Year 2. Example of the results:

1975 ZPE 16, 1975, 150 = 1999 IG 10(2).2.265


II. Searches with more than one string

By default, when you enter more than one string of characters in a field, the search will return every record containing such strings at the beginning of a word, without regard for its order. You can introduce as many strings as necesary.

We search for the strings SIG and 35 (in any order) in the field Edition 1. Example of the results:

1915 SIG 35
= 
1955 GVI 486
1883 SIG(1) 35
= 
1900 Michel 1085
1898 SIG[2] 358
= 
1917 SIG 792


We search for the strings AB, 71 and 1953 (in any order) in the field Edition 1. Example of the results:

1953 AB 71, 1953, 81
= 
1989 TAM 5.1393
1953 AB 71, 1953, 98
= 
1988 IMylasa 954



III. Other remarks

1. By default, accents and letter case are irrelevant for the search. But note that the use of the operator == makes accent and case letter relevant (see later).

2. Wildcard characters can be used:

a) The @ sign stands for a single character in any position of the string. If we search for IGL@ in the field Edition 1 the result will contain examples like these:
1911 IGLA 100
= 
1913 Sammelb.431
1939 IGLS 376
= 
1999 Hellmann, Choix 39
If we search for AJ@h in the field Edition 1, the results will contain examples like these.
1979 AJPh 100, 1979, 399 = 1985 Harding 2
1898 AJTh 2,1898, 611-612 = 1958 Gabba, IGLBibbia 20
If we search for @IG in the field Edition 1, the results will contain examples like these.
1853 CIG 4235b = 1955 Sokolowski 1.78B
1915 SIG 96 = 1946 Tod, GHI 79


b) The asterisk * stands for any number of characters at the beginning or the end of a word (it can also be used in medial position of a word).

If we search for Studi* in the field Edition 1, the results will contain examples like these:
1910 Studia Pontica 96 = 1955 Sokolowski 1.82
1936 Studies Capps 90-91 = 1955 GVI 592
If we search for *schrift in the field Edition 1, the results will contain examples like these:
1966 Festschrift Welles 177 = 1993 Hübner, RGR 1.23
1965 Gedenkschrift Bossert 56 n.1 = 1991 ISelge 10

If we search for I*kos in the field Edition 1, the results will contain examples like these:
1980 IKyzikos 1.10 = 1981 IMaff.87
1978 ILampsakos 4 = 1984 Sherk, Rome 45




C. IMPROVING THE SEARCHES WITH OPERATORS

Different operators can be used to refine searches and avoid undesired results.

1. Operators for numerical fields (Year 1 and Year 2):

>
"Greater than": if we search for >1996 in the field Year 2 the result contains examples like these:

1980 AAA 13, 1980, 260 = 1997 IApoll.322
1971 AAA 4, 1971, 112-115 = 1998 IPatras 156

<
"Smaller than": if we search for >1841 in the field Year 1 the result contains examples like these:

1826 Vidua, Inscr.Ant. 11 = 1997 IAlex.Troas 51
1839 AE 1839, 191 n.180 = 1984 Migeotte, L'emprunt 45V

>= "Greater or equal to": if we search for >=1996 in the field Year 2 the result contains examples like these:

1899 Ath.Mitt. 24, 1899, 201 n.1 = 1996 IAdramytteion 41
1980 AAA 13, 1980, 260 = 1997 IApoll.322

<= "Smaller or equal to": if we search for >=1841 in the field Year 1 the result contains records like these:

1826 Vidua, Inscr.Ant.11 = 1997 IAlex.Troas 51
1841 Fellows, Lycia 18 = 1989 IAphrodisias 2.19


2. Operators for text fields (Edition 1, Edition 2 and Both Editions):

= Using the = sign before a word will return only those records containing a word that matches exactly the search string (accents and case letter not relevant).

If we search for =Studi in the field Edition 1, the result contains examples like these:
1982 Studi Arias 191 ss. = 1989 ISic.MG 1.53
1940 Studi Ciaceri 254 = 1955 Ehrenberg-Jones, Docs.Augustus [2] 77b


But we will not find examples like the following ones:

1910 Studia Pontica 96 = 1955 Sokolowski 1.82
1936 Studies Capps 90-91 = 1955 GVI 592


The string affected by the = sign can be placed in any position inside the field. Thus, if we search for =IG in the field Edition 1 the result contains examples like these:

1897 IG 9(1).1 = 1900 Michel 280
1913 Kern, IG 24 = 1955 GVI 47


But we will not find examples like the following ones:

1927 IGR 4.1000 = 1962 Sokolowski 2.61
1929 IGLS 1 = 1982 Danker, Benefactor 41


This operator does not admit wildcard characters.


== It recovers those records in which the searched sequence appears exactly equal and in the same order that is specified (if more than one word is introduced) and besides it represents the complete content of the field.

a) Example with an only string. If we search for ==CIIud.5 in the field Edition 1 the result contains examples like these:

1936 CIIud.5 = 1973 IUrb.Rom.850
1936 CIIud.5 = 1995 JIWEur.2.626.1

b) Example with two strings that represent the complete content of the field. If we search for ==CIG 481 in the field Edition 1 the result contains examples like these:

1828 CIG 481 = 1874 BMus. Inscr.57
1828 CIG 481 = 1905 Roberts-Gardner 244

Note in the next two examples the difference in the results, if we use the * operator. If we search for ==CIIud.5* in the field Edition 1 the result contains examples like these:

1936 CIIud.50 = 1995 JIWEur.2.429
1936 CIIud.500 = 1995 JIWEur.2.627.1

If we search for ==CIG 481* in the field Edition 1 the result contains examples like these:

1853 CIG 4811 = 1911 IGR 1.1221
1853 CIG 4815 = 1911 IGR 1.1224


Particularities of the operator ==:

1. It turns out the == operator is not sensible to letter case.
2. Accents are relevant.
3. It is possible to use the @  in combination with ==, but only with @ at the beginning of the sequence.
4. The astersik * can be used in combination with == in any place of the string, but only one at a time. If * is used with @, the the asterisk can only be placed at the end of the string.

Let us look at some examples of these particularities.

1. If we search for ==cig 481 or ==Cig 481 or ==CIG 481 in the field Edition 1 the result contains, in both cases, the following example:

1828 CIG 481 = 1874 BMus. Inscr.57

2. If we search for ==Etudes* or ==etudes* in the field Edition 1 the search will return no records at all. Nevertheless, if the searched string is ==Études* or ==études* the result contains the following example:

1987 Études Vernant 185-218 = 1996 IGDOlbia 109

3. If we search for ==@IIud.5 in the field Edition the result contains the following example:

1936 CIIud.5 = 1973 IUrb. Rom.850

But if we put ==@IIud.5* the result contains the following examples:

1936 CIIud.5 = 1973 IUrb. Rom.850
1936 CIIud.50 = 1995 JIWEur.2.429

4. If we search for ==CI* 481* in the field Edition 1 we will not find any record. But if we search for ==CIG 481* we get the following examples:

1853 CIG 4811 = 1911 IGR 1.1221
1853 CIG 4815 = 1911 IGR 1.1224


" " If we place a string (including or not spaces, punctuation marks, etc.) inside the quotation mark, CLAROS will search for a sequence that matches exactly that string, except that letter case is indifferent. This operator does not admit the use of wild characters within the quotation mark. You can search for several strings inside quotations in the same field simultaneously.

If we search for "GDI 299" in the field Edition 1 the result will contain examples like these:

1884 GDI 299 = 1950 ID 2
1898 GDI 2993 = 1917 SIG 821B

If we search for "BCH 32" and " 52 n.6 " in the field Edition 1 the result will contain examples like these:

1908 BCH 32, 1908, 52 n.6 = 1912 IG 11(2).202

If we search for the strings " BCH 32" and 5 (without quotation marks) in the field Edition 1 the result will contain the following examples:

1908 BCH 32, 1908, 5 n.1 = 1972 ID 104-21
1908 BCH 32, 1908, 52 n.6 = 1912 IG 11(2).202

If we search for "BCH 32" =52 only the second of the previous two records is returned.




D. OTHER IMPORTANT RECOMMENDATIONS

1. Searches using the field Both Editions

We recommended using this field if you are searching for a string that appears either in the field Edition 1 (for some records), as well as in the field Edition 2 (for some other).

If we search for "OGI 90" in the field Both Editions the result will contain examples like these:

1842 Letronne, Recueil 25 = 1903 OGI 90
1903 OGI 90 = 1950 Sammelb.8299

This field can also be used to find records containing a string in the field Edition 1 and another different one in the field Edition 2. However, for that kind of searches we would recommend using the fields Edition 1 and Edition 2instead. For instace, if you want to locate concordances of the kind CEG = IG 1[3], type better CEG in the field Edition 1 and IG 1[3] in the field Edition 2 instead of writing both sequences in the field Both Editions. As a rule, for the searches in this field we recommend the use the " " operator.

2. Citations with a point character inside

By default (i.e. without the use of operators), when a point character (.) appears in the middle of a string, the search may behave in two different ways depending on the numerical or non numerial nature of the character that precedes the point:

1) If before the point there is a numerical character  the point is ignored. Therefore, if we search for 1472 or 14.72 Edition 1, the result will contain in both cases exxamples like these:

1828 CIG 1472 = 1913 IG 5(1).24
1873 IG 1.472 = 1924 IG 1[2].1016
1890 IG 14.72 = 1989 IGChOcc.1120
1890 IG 14.720 = 1990 INap.8


Further nota: If we are looking for a number starting with 14.72 (with a period within), we can write "14.72" (qith the quotation marks operator). This search will return the last two results of the previous table. But if we want exactly the string 14.72, we must write =14.72. In this case we only find the record placed in the third row of the previous table.

2) If before the point there is a non-numerical character the point is not ignored and the program uses the point as a word separator.

If we want to find concordances to IAlex.Troas in the field Edition 2 we can write it eithar as IAlex.Troas or IAlex. Troas (note the space after the period), but not as IAlexTroas, since the point does count as character. In both cases the result of the search will contain records like these:

1914 AnnEpigr 1914.203 = 1997 IAlex.Troas 40
1914 AnnEpigr 1914.204 = 1997 IAlex.Troas 105


3. Citations with parenthesis or square brackets

By default (i.e., without using operators), parenthesis and square brackets are treated as word separator. If we want to search for concordances to IG 5(2).11, we can type it either IG 5(2).11 or IG 5 2 11. In both cases the result of the search contains among other the following records:

1913 IG 5(2).11 = 1994 IPArk.36c
1913 IG 5(2).113 = 1994 INomima 1.77
1912 IG 11(2).161B.56 = 1995 Bringmann, Schenkungen 146


To avoid undesired results we can type "IG 5(2).11", in which case we will find the first two records of the previous table. But if we want to find exclusively the string IG 5(2).11 we must type ==IG 5(2).11. In this last case only the record placed in the first row of the table is found.